DISTRICT CONSUMER DISPUTES REDRESSAL FORUM-II

Udyog Sadan, C-22 & 23, Qutub Institutional Area

(Behind Qutub Hotel), New Delhi- 110016

Case No.152/24

Mr. Jitendra Jangir

2^nd Floor, 1036

Sector 40, Gurgaon-122003.                                      .…Complainant

                                                       VERSUS

Iffco Tokio General Insurance Company Limited

R/o IFFCO Sadan, C1, Distt. Centre

Saket, New Delhi-110017.

Also At:

IFFCO Tower

Plot No.3, Sector 29, Gurgaon-122001.

Mr. H.O. Suri

Managing Director & CEO

Iffco Tokio General Insurance Company Limited

R/o IFFCO Sadan, C1, Distt. Centre

Saket, New Delhi-110017.                                           ….Opposite Parties

Coram:

Ms. Monika A Srivastava, President

Ms. Kiran Kaushal, Member

Present:    Adv. Abhinav Tyagi for complainant.

Present:

ORDER

Date of Institution:22.05.2024

Date of Order       :24.08.2024

President: Ms. Monika A Srivastava                             

The Complainant is the resident of Gurgaon and has filed the present complaint against the OP whose office is at Ambala, Haryana but the registered office is at District Centre, Saket, Delhi.

The preliminary issue for consideration before the complaint could be taken on merits is whether this Commission has the territorial jurisdiction to decide this complaint as evidently neither the complainant nor the OP are residing within the jurisdiction of this Commission.

The territorial jurisdiction of this Commission is invoked solely on the ground that the registered office of the OP 1 is situated within the jurisdiction of this Commission. Section 34 (2) of Consumer Protection Act 2019 provides that a complaint may be instituted in any of the District Commission, within the local limits of whose jurisdiction, wherein clauses (a) to (d) are attracted. Section 34 has been reproduced herein below

34. (1) Subject to the other provisions of this Act, the District Commission shall have jurisdiction to entertain complaints where the value of the goods or services paid as consideration does not exceed one crore rupees:

Provided that where the Central Government deems it necessary so to do, it may prescribe such other value, as it deems fit.

(2) A complaint shall be instituted in a District Commission within the local limits of whose jurisdiction, —

(a) the opposite party or each of the opposite parties, where there are more than one, at the time of the institution of the complaint, ordinarily resides or carries on business or has a branch office or personally works for gain; or

(b) any of the opposite parties, where there are more than one, at the time of the institution of the complaint, actually and voluntarily resides, or carries on business or has a branch office, or personally works for gain, provided that in such case the permission of the District Commission is given; or

 (c) the cause of action, wholly or in part, arises; or

(d) the complainant resides or personally works for gain.

(3) The District Commission shall ordinarily function in the district headquarters and may perform its functions at such other place in the district, as the State Government may, in consultation with the State Commission, notify in the Official Gazette from time to time.

The Hon’ble Supreme Court in the matter of Sonic Surgical vs National Insurance Company Limited (2010) 2 SCC 135 while adjudicating section 17 of Consumer Protection Act 1986 categorically held that State Commission where the “branch office” of OP is situated would have jurisdiction to entertain complaints, only if cause of action had also arisen wherein branch office is situated. Thus, mere existence of branch office would not confer jurisdiction.

Relying on Sonic Surgical vs National Insurance Company Limited the Hon’ble NCDRC in Kaizad Marzban Baraiya vs National Insurance Ltd RP No. 2710/2015 held that:

 Therefore, the place of registered office of respondent no.2 by itself shall not confer jurisdiction on the Consumer Forum which otherwise do not have the territorial jurisdiction.

However, a division bench of the Hon’ble NCDRC in the matter of Pratap Chandra Sinha vs Kindle Developers Private Limited 2017 (3) CPR 287 distinguished the judgement of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in Sonic Surgical by holding the same is applicable only to branch office and not registered office of the OP. The Hon’ble NCDRC in Pratap Chandra Sinha allowed the complaint to be entertained at a place where the registered office of OP was situated.

Another Division Bench of the NCDRC, however, in a subsequent judgment in the matter of Sarvesh Kumar Singh vs Kailash Healthcare Hospital 2019 (3) CPR 627 took a contradictory view by rejecting the contention that the registered office of the OP would confer territorial jurisdiction to Delhi State Commission. In this matter no part of cause of action took place at Delhi and the neither the doctor against whom the medical negligence was pleaded, worked for gain in territorial jurisdiction of Delhi State Commission. The cause of action took place at Noida and the doctor also worked in Noida, hence the Hon’ble NCDRC held that State Commission situated at Lucknow would have jurisdiction. Incidentally, one of the members of bench was common in both the judgments.

In another matter, a single Judge of NCDRC in the matter of BMW India Private Limited vs Mukul Aggarwal I (2020) C PJ103(NC) allowed a complaint to be entertained in Delhi for the reason that the registered office of one of the OP was situated in Delhi. This judgment was earlier stayed by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in the matter titled as BMW India Private Limited vs Mukul Aggarwal in SLP no. 10319/2020 vide order dated 21^st September 2020. The Hon’ble Supreme Court in CA Nos. 1544 and 1545 of 2023 has now held as under:

‘The National Commission observed that the State Commission, by entertaining the complaint, granted permission for filing the complaint as contemplated by clause (b) of sub­section (2) of Section 17. Therefore, on that count, we cannot find fault with the impugned judgments.’

The Hon’ble Supreme Court in the above said judgment has not categorically given their view on territorial jurisdiction stating that the State Commission has entertained the complaint under clause (b) of sub­section (2) of Section 17.

In the present case, complainant is a resident of Gurgaon, the policy was issued to the complainant from Ambala, reminders and legal notice were addressed to the OP at Gurgaon. Admittedly, in the facts of this case, no part of cause of action has arisen within the jurisdiction of this Commission. In the instant case, the complainant has provided the jurisdiction to this Commission by virtue of the registered office of the OP 1.  

Since no cause of action has arisen within the jurisdiction of this Commission, neither complainant nor OP resides or works for gain within the jurisdiction of this Hon’ble Commission. We are of the considered view that this Commission does not have territorial jurisdiction to entertain this complaint and hence direct the same to be returned to be presented in court of competent jurisdiction at the initial stage itself.

Copy of the order be given to the parties as per rules. File be consigned to the record room. Order be uploaded on the website.